mirror of
https://codeberg.org/andyscott/ziglings.git
synced 2024-11-09 11:40:46 -05:00
Add ex 35,36 enums; updated README
I'm changing the order of some more topics. Trying to explain the value of pointers when we're mostly dealing with stack-sized values like integers feels convoluted. So I'm starting with enums (which also has a nice segue from an earlier "switch" exercise). Then structs. Then unions (just in keeping with the order of these items on ziglearn.org) and THEN pointers and multi-pointers and slices.
This commit is contained in:
parent
738a9f6cda
commit
2cded107cd
4 changed files with 131 additions and 5 deletions
49
35_enums.zig
Normal file
49
35_enums.zig
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
|
|||
//
|
||||
// Remember that little mathematical virtual machine we made using the
|
||||
// "unreachable" statement? Well, there were two problems with the
|
||||
// way we were using op codes:
|
||||
//
|
||||
// 1. Having to remember op codes by number is no good.
|
||||
// 2. We had to use "unreachable" because Zig had no way of knowing
|
||||
// how many valid op codes there were.
|
||||
//
|
||||
// An "enum" is a Zig construct that lets you give names to numeric
|
||||
// values and store them in a set. They look a lot like error sets:
|
||||
//
|
||||
// const Fruit = enum{ apple, pear, orange };
|
||||
//
|
||||
// const my_fruit = Fruit.apple;
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Let's use an enum in place of the numbers we were using in the
|
||||
// previous version!
|
||||
//
|
||||
const std = @import("std");
|
||||
|
||||
// Please complete the enum!
|
||||
const Ops = enum{ ??? };
|
||||
|
||||
pub fn main() void {
|
||||
const operations = [_]Ops{
|
||||
Ops.inc,
|
||||
Ops.inc,
|
||||
Ops.inc,
|
||||
Ops.pow,
|
||||
Ops.dec,
|
||||
Ops.dec
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
var current_value: u32 = 0;
|
||||
|
||||
for (operations) |op| {
|
||||
switch (op) {
|
||||
Ops.inc => { current_value += 1; },
|
||||
Ops.dec => { current_value -= 1; },
|
||||
Ops.pow => { current_value *= current_value; },
|
||||
// No "else" needed! Why is that?
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
std.debug.print("{} ", .{current_value});
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
std.debug.print("\n", .{});
|
||||
}
|
61
36_enums2.zig
Normal file
61
36_enums2.zig
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
|
|||
//
|
||||
// Enums are really just a set of numbers. You can leave the
|
||||
// numbering up to the compiler, or you can assign them
|
||||
// explicitly. You can even specify the numeric type used.
|
||||
//
|
||||
// const Stuff = enum(u8){ foo = 16 };
|
||||
//
|
||||
// You can get the integer out with a built-in function:
|
||||
//
|
||||
// var my_stuff: u8 = @enumToInt(Stuff.foo);
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Note how that built-in function starts with "@" just like the
|
||||
// @import() function we've been using.
|
||||
//
|
||||
const std = @import("std");
|
||||
|
||||
// Zig lets us write integers in hexadecimal format:
|
||||
//
|
||||
// 0xf (is the value 15 in hex)
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Web browsers let us specify colors using a hexadecimal
|
||||
// number where each byte represents the brightness of the
|
||||
// Red, Green, or Blue component (RGB) where two hex digits
|
||||
// are one byte with a value range of 0-255:
|
||||
//
|
||||
// #RRGGBB
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Please define and use a pure blue value Color:
|
||||
const Color = enum(u32){
|
||||
red = 0xff0000,
|
||||
green = 0x00ff00,
|
||||
blue = ???,
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
pub fn main() void {
|
||||
// Remeber Zig's multi-line strings? Here they are again.
|
||||
// Also, check out this cool format string:
|
||||
//
|
||||
// {x:0>6}
|
||||
// ^
|
||||
// x type ('x' is lower-case hexadecimal)
|
||||
// : separator (needed for format syntax)
|
||||
// 0 padding character (default is ' ')
|
||||
// > alignment ('>' aligns right)
|
||||
// 6 width (use padding to force width)
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Please add this formatting to the blue value.
|
||||
// (Even better, experiment without it, or try parts of it
|
||||
// to see what prints!)
|
||||
std.debug.print(
|
||||
\\<p>
|
||||
\\ <span style="color: #{x:0>6}">Red</span>
|
||||
\\ <span style="color: #{x:0>6}">Green</span>
|
||||
\\ <span style="color: #{}">Blue</span>
|
||||
\\</p>
|
||||
, .{
|
||||
@enumToInt(Color.red),
|
||||
@enumToInt(Color.green),
|
||||
@enumToInt(???), // Oops! We're missing something!
|
||||
});
|
||||
}
|
24
README.md
24
README.md
|
@ -9,6 +9,18 @@ This project was directly inspired by the brilliant and fun
|
|||
[rustlings](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings)
|
||||
project for the [Rust](https://www.rust-lang.org/) language.
|
||||
|
||||
## Intended Audience
|
||||
|
||||
This will probably be quite difficult if you've _never_ programmed before.
|
||||
However, no specific programming experience is required. And in particular,
|
||||
you are _not_ expected to know C or other "systems programming" language.
|
||||
|
||||
Each exercise is self-contained and self-explained. However, you're encouraged
|
||||
to also check out these Zig language resources for more detail:
|
||||
|
||||
* https://ziglearn.org/
|
||||
* https://ziglang.org/documentation/master/
|
||||
|
||||
## Getting Started
|
||||
|
||||
_Note: This currently uses a shell (Bash) script to automate the "game". A
|
||||
|
@ -53,7 +65,7 @@ the learning resource I wished for. There will be tons of room for improvement:
|
|||
* Wording of explanations
|
||||
* Idiomatic usage of Zig
|
||||
* Additional exercises
|
||||
* Re-write the `ziglings` script using the Zig build system (???)
|
||||
* Re-write the `ziglings` script using the Zig build system (or just a Zig application)
|
||||
|
||||
Planned exercises:
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -70,13 +82,13 @@ Planned exercises:
|
|||
* [x] Defer (and errdefer)
|
||||
* [x] Switch
|
||||
* [x] Unreachable
|
||||
* [x] Enums
|
||||
* [ ] Structs
|
||||
* [ ] Unions
|
||||
* [ ] Pointers
|
||||
* [ ] Pointer sized integers
|
||||
* [ ] Multi pointers
|
||||
* [ ] Slices
|
||||
* [ ] Enums
|
||||
* [ ] Structs
|
||||
* [ ] Unions
|
||||
* [ ] Integer rules
|
||||
* [ ] Floats
|
||||
* [ ] Labelled blocks
|
||||
|
@ -91,4 +103,6 @@ Planned exercises:
|
|||
* [ ] Imports
|
||||
|
||||
The initial topics for these exercises were unabashedly cribbed from
|
||||
[ziglearn.org](https://ziglearn.org/).
|
||||
[ziglearn.org](https://ziglearn.org/). I've since moved things around
|
||||
in an order that I think best lets each topic build upon each other.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
2
ziglings
2
ziglings
|
@ -102,6 +102,8 @@ check_it 31_switch2.zig "ZIG!"
|
|||
check_it 32_unreachable.zig "1 2 3 9 8 7"
|
||||
check_it 33_iferror.zig "2<4. 3<4. 4=4. 5>4. 6>4." "Seriously, what's the deal with fours?"
|
||||
check_it 34_quiz4.zig "my_num=42" "Can you make this work?"
|
||||
check_it 35_enums.zig "1 2 3 9 8 7" "This problem seems familiar..."
|
||||
check_it 36_enums2.zig "#0000ff" "I'm feeling blue about this."
|
||||
|
||||
echo
|
||||
echo " __ __ _ "
|
||||
|
|
Loading…
Reference in a new issue