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Merge branch 'woodpecker' of https://codeberg.org/ziglings/exercises into woodpecker

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This commit is contained in:
Chris Boesch 2023-10-05 21:15:41 +02:00
commit 9003544446
109 changed files with 1606 additions and 770 deletions
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8
patches/eowyn.sh
View file

@ -22,7 +22,9 @@ then
fi
# Which version we have?
echo "I am in version 23.4.25.1, let's try our magic power."
echo "Zig version" $(zig version)
echo "Eowyn version 23.10.5.1, let's try our magic power."
echo ""
# Create directory of healing if it doesn't already exist.
mkdir -p patches/healed
@ -39,7 +41,9 @@ do
# Apply the bandages to the wounds, grow new limbs, let
# new life spring into the broken bodies of the fallen.
echo Healing "$true_name"...
./test/patch --output="patches/healed/$true_name.zig" "$broken" "$patch_name"
cp "$broken" "patches/healed/$true_name.zig"
patch -i "$patch_name" "patches/healed/$true_name.zig"
else
echo Cannot heal "$true_name". No patch found.
fi

60
patches/frodo.sh Executable file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
#!/bin/bash
#
# "How do you pick up the threads of an old life?
# How do you go on, when in your heart you begin
# to understand... there is no going back?
# There are some things that time cannot mend.
# Some hurts that go too deep, that have taken hold."
# Frodo, The Return of the King
#
#
# This script shall repair the patches for the little
# broken programs using the old patches in this directory
# first, to heal them and then create new and better
# patches, with Gollum's help.
#
set -e
# We check ourselves before we wreck ourselves.
if [ ! -f patches/frodo.sh ]
then
echo "But I must be run from the project root directory."
exit 1
fi
# Create directory of answers if it doesn't already exist.
mkdir -p answers
# Cycle through all the little broken Zig applications.
i=0
for broken in exercises/*.zig
do
((i=i+1))
# Remove the dir and extension, rendering the True Name.
true_name=$(basename "$broken" .zig)
patch_name="patches/patches/$true_name.patch"
healed_name="answers/$true_name.zig"
cp "$broken" "$healed_name"
# echo "$patch_name"
if [ -f "$patch_name" ]
then
# Apply the bandages to the wounds, grow new limbs, let
# new life spring into the broken bodies of the fallen.
echo Healing "$true_name"...
patch -i "$patch_name" "$healed_name"
# Create new prescriptions...
echo Repairing "$patch_name"...
if [ "$true_name.patch" = "999_the_end.patch" ]
then
i=999
fi
# with gollum's help!
./patches/gollum.sh $i
else
echo Cannot repair "$true_name". No patch found.
fi
done

2
patches/gollum.sh
View file

@ -26,6 +26,6 @@ echo "Hissss! before: '$b'"
echo " after: '$a'"
echo " patch: '$p'"
diff $b $a > $p
diff -u $b $a > $p
cat $p

14
patches/patches/001_hello.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
19c19
< fn main() void {
---
> pub fn main() void {
--- exercises/001_hello.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/001_hello.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.846096282 +0200
@@ -16,6 +16,6 @@
//
const std = @import("std");
-fn main() void {
+pub fn main() void {
std.debug.print("Hello world!\n", .{});
}

15
patches/patches/002_std.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
14c14
< ??? = @import("std");
---
> const std = @import("std");
--- exercises/002_std.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/002_std.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.849429678 +0200
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
// Please complete the import below:
//
-??? = @import("std");
+const std = @import("std");
pub fn main() void {
std.debug.print("Standard Library.\n", .{});

30
patches/patches/003_assignment.patch
View file

@ -1,12 +1,18 @@
37c37
< const n: u8 = 50;
---
> var n: u8 = 50;
40c40
< const pi: u8 = 314159;
---
> const pi: u32 = 314159;
42c42
< const negative_eleven: u8 = -11;
---
> const negative_eleven: i8 = -11;
--- exercises/003_assignment.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/003_assignment.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.856096469 +0200
@@ -34,12 +34,12 @@
const std = @import("std");
pub fn main() void {
- const n: u8 = 50;
+ var n: u8 = 50;
n = n + 5;
- const pi: u8 = 314159;
+ const pi: u32 = 314159;
- const negative_eleven: u8 = -11;
+ const negative_eleven: i8 = -11;
// There are no errors in the next line, just explanation:
// Perhaps you noticed before that the print function takes two

37
patches/patches/004_arrays.patch
View file

@ -1,12 +1,25 @@
30c30
< const some_primes = [_]u8{ 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19 };
---
> var some_primes = [_]u8{ 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19 };
43c43
< const fourth = some_primes[???];
---
> const fourth = some_primes[3];
47c47
< const length = some_primes.???;
---
> const length = some_primes.len;
--- exercises/004_arrays.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/004_arrays.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.859429866 +0200
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
// (Problem 1)
// This "const" is going to cause a problem later - can you see what it is?
// How do we fix it?
- const some_primes = [_]u8{ 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19 };
+ var some_primes = [_]u8{ 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19 };
// Individual values can be set with '[]' notation.
// Example: This line changes the first prime to 2 (which is correct):
@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@
// (Problem 2)
// Looks like we need to complete this expression. Use the example
// above to set "fourth" to the fourth element of the some_primes array:
- const fourth = some_primes[???];
+ const fourth = some_primes[3];
// (Problem 3)
// Use the len property to get the length of the array:
- const length = some_primes.???;
+ const length = some_primes.len;
std.debug.print("First: {}, Fourth: {}, Length: {}\n", .{
first, fourth, length,

25
patches/patches/005_arrays2.patch
View file

@ -1,8 +1,17 @@
28c28
< const leet = ???;
---
> const leet = le ++ et;
33c33
< const bit_pattern = [_]u8{ ??? } ** 3;
---
> const bit_pattern = [_]u8{ 1, 0, 0, 1 } ** 3;
--- exercises/005_arrays2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/005_arrays2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.862763262 +0200
@@ -25,12 +25,12 @@
// (Problem 1)
// Please set this array concatenating the two arrays above.
// It should result in: 1 3 3 7
- const leet = ???;
+ const leet = le ++ et;
// (Problem 2)
// Please set this array using repetition.
// It should result in: 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
- const bit_pattern = [_]u8{ ??? } ** 3;
+ const bit_pattern = [_]u8{ 1, 0, 0, 1 } ** 3;
// Okay, that's all of the problems. Let's see the results.
//

36
patches/patches/006_strings.patch
View file

@ -1,12 +1,24 @@
27c27
< const d: u8 = ziggy[???];
---
> const d: u8 = ziggy[4];
31c31
< const laugh = "ha " ???;
---
> const laugh = "ha " ** 3;
38c38
< const major_tom = major ??? tom;
---
> const major_tom = major ++ " " ++ tom;
--- exercises/006_strings.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/006_strings.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.869430053 +0200
@@ -24,18 +24,18 @@
// (Problem 1)
// Use array square bracket syntax to get the letter 'd' from
// the string "stardust" above.
- const d: u8 = ziggy[???];
+ const d: u8 = ziggy[4];
// (Problem 2)
// Use the array repeat '**' operator to make "ha ha ha ".
- const laugh = "ha " ???;
+ const laugh = "ha " ** 3;
// (Problem 3)
// Use the array concatenation '++' operator to make "Major Tom".
// (You'll need to add a space as well!)
const major = "Major";
const tom = "Tom";
- const major_tom = major ??? tom;
+ const major_tom = major ++ " " ++ tom;
// That's all the problems. Let's see our results:
std.debug.print("d={u} {s}{s}\n", .{ d, laugh, major_tom });

23
patches/patches/007_strings2.patch
View file

@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
18,20c18,20
< Ziggy played guitar
< Jamming good with Andrew Kelley
< And the Spiders from Mars
---
> \\Ziggy played guitar
> \\Jamming good with Andrew Kelley
> \\And the Spiders from Mars
--- exercises/007_strings2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/007_strings2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.872763449 +0200
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@
pub fn main() void {
const lyrics =
- Ziggy played guitar
- Jamming good with Andrew Kelley
- And the Spiders from Mars
+ \\Ziggy played guitar
+ \\Jamming good with Andrew Kelley
+ \\And the Spiders from Mars
;
std.debug.print("{s}\n", .{lyrics});

48
patches/patches/008_quiz.patch
View file

@ -1,18 +1,30 @@
22c22
< const x: usize = 1;
---
> var x: usize = 1;
26c26
< // 'undefined'. There is no problem on this line.
---
> // 'undefined'. There is no error here.
36c36
< lang[???] = letters[x];
---
> lang[1] = letters[x];
38,39c38,39
< x = ???;
< lang[2] = letters[???];
---
> x = 5;
> lang[2] = letters[x];
--- exercises/008_quiz.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/008_quiz.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.879430240 +0200
@@ -19,11 +19,11 @@
// the idiomatic type to use for array indexing.
//
// There IS a problem on this line, but 'usize' isn't it.
- const x: usize = 1;
+ var x: usize = 1;
// Note: When you want to declare memory (an array in this
// case) without putting anything in it, you can set it to
- // 'undefined'. There is no problem on this line.
+ // 'undefined'. There is no error here.
var lang: [3]u8 = undefined;
// The following lines attempt to put 'Z', 'i', and 'g' into the
@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@
lang[0] = letters[x];
x = 3;
- lang[???] = letters[x];
+ lang[1] = letters[x];
- x = ???;
- lang[2] = letters[???];
+ x = 5;
+ lang[2] = letters[x];
// We want to "Program in Zig!" of course:
std.debug.print("Program in {s}!\n", .{lang});

15
patches/patches/009_if.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
27c27
< if (foo) {
---
> if (foo == 1) {
--- exercises/009_if.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/009_if.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.882763636 +0200
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
const foo = 1;
// Please fix this condition:
- if (foo) {
+ if (foo == 1) {
// We want our program to print this message!
std.debug.print("Foo is 1!\n", .{});
} else {

15
patches/patches/010_if2.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
13c13
< const price: u8 = if ???;
---
> const price: u8 = if (discount) 17 else 20;
--- exercises/010_if2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/010_if2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.886097032 +0200
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
// Please use an if...else expression to set "price".
// If discount is true, the price should be $17, otherwise $20:
- const price: u8 = if ???;
+ const price: u8 = if (discount) 17 else 20;
std.debug.print("With the discount, the price is ${}.\n", .{price});
}

15
patches/patches/011_while.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
24c24
< while (???) {
---
> while (n < 1024) {
--- exercises/011_while.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/011_while.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.892763823 +0200
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
var n: u32 = 2;
// Please use a condition that is true UNTIL "n" reaches 1024:
- while (???) {
+ while (n < 1024) {
// Print the current number
std.debug.print("{} ", .{n});

15
patches/patches/012_while2.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
28c28
< while (n < 1000) : ??? {
---
> while (n < 1000) : (n *= 2) {
--- exercises/012_while2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/012_while2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.896097219 +0200
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
// Please set the continue expression so that we get the desired
// results in the print statement below.
- while (n < 1000) : ??? {
+ while (n < 1000) : (n *= 2) {
// Print the current number
std.debug.print("{} ", .{n});
}

19
patches/patches/013_while3.patch
View file

@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
27,28c27,28
< if (n % 3 == 0) ???;
< if (n % 5 == 0) ???;
---
> if (n % 3 == 0) continue;
> if (n % 5 == 0) continue;
--- exercises/013_while3.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/013_while3.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.899430616 +0200
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@
while (n <= 20) : (n += 1) {
// The '%' symbol is the "modulo" operator and it
// returns the remainder after division.
- if (n % 3 == 0) ???;
- if (n % 5 == 0) ???;
+ if (n % 3 == 0) continue;
+ if (n % 5 == 0) continue;
std.debug.print("{} ", .{n});
}

15
patches/patches/014_while4.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
21c21
< if (???) ???;
---
> if (n == 4) break;
--- exercises/014_while4.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/014_while4.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.906097406 +0200
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
// Oh dear! This while loop will go forever?!
// Please fix this so the print statement below gives the desired output.
while (true) : (n += 1) {
- if (???) ???;
+ if (n == 4) break;
}
// Result: we want n=4

15
patches/patches/015_for.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
18c18
< for (???) |???| {
---
> for (story) |scene| {
--- exercises/015_for.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/015_for.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.909430803 +0200
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
std.debug.print("A Dramatic Story: ", .{});
- for (???) |???| {
+ for (story) |scene| {
if (scene == 'h') std.debug.print(":-) ", .{});
if (scene == 's') std.debug.print(":-( ", .{});
if (scene == 'n') std.debug.print(":-| ", .{});

15
patches/patches/016_for2.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
28c28
< for (bits, ???) |bit, ???| {
---
> for (bits, 0..) |bit, i| {
--- exercises/016_for2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/016_for2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.912764197 +0200
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
// the value of the place as a power of two for each bit.
//
// See if you can figure out the missing pieces:
- for (bits, ???) |bit, ???| {
+ for (bits, 0..) |bit, i| {
// Note that we convert the usize i to a u32 with
// @intCast(), a builtin function just like @import().
// We'll learn about these properly in a later exercise.

41
patches/patches/017_quiz2.patch
View file

@ -1,16 +1,25 @@
12c12
< const std = import standard library;
---
> const std = @import("std");
14c14
< function main() void {
---
> pub fn main() void {
19c19
< ??? (i <= stop_at) : (i += 1) {
---
> while (i <= stop_at) : (i += 1) {
23c23
< std.debug.print("{}", .{???});
---
> std.debug.print("{}", .{i});
--- exercises/017_quiz2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/017_quiz2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.919430989 +0200
@@ -9,18 +9,18 @@
// Let's go from 1 to 16. This has been started for you, but there
// are some problems. :-(
//
-const std = import standard library;
+const std = @import("std");
-function main() void {
+pub fn main() void {
var i: u8 = 1;
const stop_at: u8 = 16;
// What kind of loop is this? A 'for' or a 'while'?
- ??? (i <= stop_at) : (i += 1) {
+ while (i <= stop_at) : (i += 1) {
if (i % 3 == 0) std.debug.print("Fizz", .{});
if (i % 5 == 0) std.debug.print("Buzz", .{});
if (!(i % 3 == 0) and !(i % 5 == 0)) {
- std.debug.print("{}", .{???});
+ std.debug.print("{}", .{i});
}
std.debug.print(", ", .{});
}

14
patches/patches/018_functions.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
28c28
< ??? deepThought() ??? {
---
> fn deepThought() u8 {
--- exercises/018_functions.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/018_functions.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.922764386 +0200
@@ -25,6 +25,6 @@
// We're just missing a couple things. One thing we're NOT missing is the
// keyword "pub", which is not needed here. Can you guess why?
//
-??? deepThought() ??? {
+fn deepThought() u8 {
return 42; // Number courtesy Douglas Adams
}

15
patches/patches/019_functions2.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
25c25
< fn twoToThe(???) u32 {
---
> fn twoToThe(my_number: u32) u32 {
--- exercises/019_functions2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/019_functions2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.926097780 +0200
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
// You'll need to figure out the parameter name and type that we're
// expecting. The output type has already been specified for you.
//
-fn twoToThe(???) u32 {
+fn twoToThe(my_number: u32) u32 {
return std.math.pow(u32, 2, my_number);
// std.math.pow(type, a, b) takes a numeric type and two
// numbers of that type (or that can coerce to that type) and

48
patches/patches/020_quiz3.patch
View file

@ -1,18 +1,30 @@
24,25c24,25
< fn printPowersOfTwo(numbers: [4]u16) ??? {
< loop (numbers) |n| {
---
> fn printPowersOfTwo(numbers: [4]u16) void {
> for (numbers) |n| {
34c34
< fn twoToThe(number: u16) ??? {
---
> fn twoToThe(number: u16) u16 {
38c38
< loop (n < number) : (n += 1) {
---
> while (n < number) : (n += 1) {
42c42
< return ???;
---
> return total;
--- exercises/020_quiz3.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/020_quiz3.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.932764573 +0200
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
//
// This function prints, but does not return anything.
//
-fn printPowersOfTwo(numbers: [4]u16) ??? {
- loop (numbers) |n| {
+fn printPowersOfTwo(numbers: [4]u16) void {
+ for (numbers) |n| {
std.debug.print("{} ", .{twoToThe(n)});
}
}
@@ -31,13 +31,13 @@
// exercise. But don't be fooled! This one does the math without the aid
// of the standard library!
//
-fn twoToThe(number: u16) ??? {
+fn twoToThe(number: u16) u16 {
var n: u16 = 0;
var total: u16 = 1;
- loop (n < number) : (n += 1) {
+ while (n < number) : (n += 1) {
total *= 2;
}
- return ???;
+ return total;
}

28
patches/patches/021_errors.patch
View file

@ -1,8 +1,20 @@
12c12
< ???,
---
> TooSmall,
29c29
< if (???) {
---
> if (number_error == MyNumberError.TooSmall) {
--- exercises/021_errors.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/021_errors.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.936097967 +0200
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
// "TooSmall". Please add it where needed!
const MyNumberError = error{
TooBig,
- ???,
+ TooSmall,
TooFour,
};
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
if (number_error == MyNumberError.TooBig) {
std.debug.print(">4. ", .{});
}
- if (???) {
+ if (number_error == MyNumberError.TooSmall) {
std.debug.print("<4. ", .{});
}
if (number_error == MyNumberError.TooFour) {

15
patches/patches/022_errors2.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
22c22
< var my_number: ??? = 5;
---
> var my_number: MyNumberError!u8 = 5;
--- exercises/022_errors2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/022_errors2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.939431363 +0200
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
const MyNumberError = error{TooSmall};
pub fn main() void {
- var my_number: ??? = 5;
+ var my_number: MyNumberError!u8 = 5;
// Looks like my_number will need to either store a number OR
// an error. Can you set the type correctly above?

27
patches/patches/023_errors3.patch
View file

@ -1,8 +1,19 @@
15c15
< const b: u32 = addTwenty(4) ??? 22;
---
> const b: u32 = addTwenty(4) catch 22;
22c22
< fn addTwenty(n: u32) ??? {
---
> fn addTwenty(n: u32) MyNumberError!u32 {
--- exercises/023_errors3.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/023_errors3.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.946098156 +0200
@@ -12,14 +12,14 @@
pub fn main() void {
const a: u32 = addTwenty(44) catch 22;
- const b: u32 = addTwenty(4) ??? 22;
+ const b: u32 = addTwenty(4) catch 22;
std.debug.print("a={}, b={}\n", .{ a, b });
}
// Please provide the return type from this function.
// Hint: it'll be an error union.
-fn addTwenty(n: u32) ??? {
+fn addTwenty(n: u32) MyNumberError!u32 {
if (n < 5) {
return MyNumberError.TooSmall;
} else {

27
patches/patches/024_errors4.patch
View file

@ -1,10 +1,17 @@
62c62,68
< return detectProblems(n) ???;
---
> return detectProblems(n) catch |err| {
> if (err == MyNumberError.TooSmall) {
> return 10;
> }
>
> return err;
> };
--- exercises/024_errors4.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/024_errors4.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.949431550 +0200
@@ -59,7 +59,13 @@
// If we get a TooSmall error, we should return 10.
// If we get any other error, we should return that error.
// Otherwise, we return the u32 number.
- return detectProblems(n) ???;
+ return detectProblems(n) catch |err| {
+ if (err == MyNumberError.TooSmall) {
+ return 10;
+ }
+
+ return err;
+ };
}
fn detectProblems(n: u32) MyNumberError!u32 {

15
patches/patches/025_errors5.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
29c29
< var x = detect(n);
---
> var x = try detect(n);
--- exercises/025_errors5.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/025_errors5.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.952764946 +0200
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
// This function needs to return any error which might come back from detect().
// Please use a "try" statement rather than a "catch".
//
- var x = detect(n);
+ var x = try detect(n);
return x + 5;
}

13
patches/patches/026_hello2.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
26c26
< stdout.print("Hello world!\n", .{});
---
> try stdout.print("Hello world!\n", .{});
--- exercises/026_hello2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/026_hello2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.959431737 +0200
@@ -23,5 +23,5 @@
// to be able to pass it up as a return value of main().
//
// We just learned of a single statement which can accomplish this.
- stdout.print("Hello world!\n", .{});
+ try stdout.print("Hello world!\n", .{});
}

14
patches/patches/027_defer.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
23c23
< std.debug.print("Two\n", .{});
---
> defer std.debug.print("Two\n", .{});
--- exercises/027_defer.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/027_defer.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.962765133 +0200
@@ -20,6 +20,6 @@
pub fn main() void {
// Without changing anything else, please add a 'defer' statement
// to this code so that our program prints "One Two\n":
- std.debug.print("Two\n", .{});
+ defer std.debug.print("Two\n", .{});
std.debug.print("One ", .{});
}

15
patches/patches/028_defer2.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
21c21
< std.debug.print(") ", .{}); // <---- how?!
---
> defer std.debug.print(") ", .{}); // <---- how?!
--- exercises/028_defer2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/028_defer2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.966098530 +0200
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
fn printAnimal(animal: u8) void {
std.debug.print("(", .{});
- std.debug.print(") ", .{}); // <---- how?!
+ defer std.debug.print(") ", .{}); // <---- how?!
if (animal == 'g') {
std.debug.print("Goat", .{});

15
patches/patches/029_errdefer.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
35c35
< std.debug.print("failed!\n", .{});
---
> errdefer std.debug.print("failed!\n", .{});
--- exercises/029_errdefer.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/029_errdefer.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.972765320 +0200
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
// Please make the "failed" message print ONLY if the makeNumber()
// function exits with an error:
- std.debug.print("failed!\n", .{});
+ errdefer std.debug.print("failed!\n", .{});
var num = try getNumber(); // <-- This could fail!

12
patches/patches/030_switch.patch
View file

@ -1,2 +1,10 @@
48a49
> else => std.debug.print("?", .{}),
--- exercises/030_switch.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/030_switch.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.976098717 +0200
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
// match for every possible value). Please add an "else"
// to this switch to print a question mark "?" when c is
// not one of the existing matches.
+ else => std.debug.print("?", .{}),
}
}

12
patches/patches/031_switch2.patch
View file

@ -1,2 +1,10 @@
33a34
> else => '!',
--- exercises/031_switch2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/031_switch2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.979432113 +0200
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
26 => 'Z',
// As in the last exercise, please add the 'else' clause
// and this time, have it return an exclamation mark '!'.
+ else => '!',
};
std.debug.print("{c}", .{real_char});

12
patches/patches/032_unreachable.patch
View file

@ -1,2 +1,10 @@
37a38
> else => unreachable,
--- exercises/032_unreachable.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/032_unreachable.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.986098904 +0200
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
3 => {
current_value *= current_value;
},
+ else => unreachable,
}
std.debug.print("{} ", .{current_value});

12
patches/patches/033_iferror.patch
View file

@ -1,2 +1,10 @@
41a42
> MyNumberError.TooSmall => std.debug.print("<4. ", .{}),
--- exercises/033_iferror.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/033_iferror.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.989432300 +0200
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
std.debug.print("={}. ", .{value});
} else |err| switch (err) {
MyNumberError.TooBig => std.debug.print(">4. ", .{}),
+ MyNumberError.TooSmall => std.debug.print("<4. ", .{}),
// Please add a match for TooSmall here and have it print: "<4. "
}
}

23
patches/patches/034_quiz4.patch
View file

@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
12c12
< pub fn main() void {
---
> pub fn main() !void {
15c15
< const my_num: u32 = getNumber();
---
> const my_num: u32 = try getNumber();
--- exercises/034_quiz4.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/034_quiz4.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.996099091 +0200
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@
const NumError = error{IllegalNumber};
-pub fn main() void {
+pub fn main() !void {
const stdout = std.io.getStdOut().writer();
- const my_num: u32 = getNumber();
+ const my_num: u32 = try getNumber();
try stdout.print("my_num={}\n", .{my_num});
}

15
patches/patches/035_enums.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
23c23
< const Ops = enum { ??? };
---
> const Ops = enum { dec, inc, pow };
--- exercises/035_enums.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/035_enums.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:06.999432487 +0200
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
const std = @import("std");
// Please complete the enum!
-const Ops = enum { ??? };
+const Ops = enum { dec, inc, pow };
pub fn main() void {
const operations = [_]Ops{

38
patches/patches/036_enums2.patch
View file

@ -1,12 +1,26 @@
34c34
< blue = ???,
---
> blue = 0x0000ff,
56c56
< \\ <span style="color: #{}">Blue</span>
---
> \\ <span style="color: #{x:0>6}">Blue</span>
62c62
< @intFromEnum(???), // Oops! We're missing something!
---
> @intFromEnum(Color.blue), // Oops! We're missing something!
--- exercises/036_enums2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/036_enums2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.002765884 +0200
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
const Color = enum(u32) {
red = 0xff0000,
green = 0x00ff00,
- blue = ???,
+ blue = 0x0000ff,
};
pub fn main() void {
@@ -53,12 +53,12 @@
\\<p>
\\ <span style="color: #{x:0>6}">Red</span>
\\ <span style="color: #{x:0>6}">Green</span>
- \\ <span style="color: #{}">Blue</span>
+ \\ <span style="color: #{x:0>6}">Blue</span>
\\</p>
\\
, .{
@intFromEnum(Color.red),
@intFromEnum(Color.green),
- @intFromEnum(???), // Oops! We're missing something!
+ @intFromEnum(Color.blue), // Oops! We're missing something!
});
}

22
patches/patches/037_structs.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,18 @@
38a39
> health: u8,
46a48
> .health = 100,
--- exercises/037_structs.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/037_structs.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.009432674 +0200
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
role: Role,
gold: u32,
experience: u32,
+ health: u8,
};
pub fn main() void {
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@
.role = Role.wizard,
.gold = 20,
.experience = 10,
+ .health = 100,
};
// Glorp gains some gold.

22
patches/patches/038_structs2.patch
View file

@ -1,7 +1,15 @@
44a45,50
> chars[1] = Character{
> .role = Role.bard,
> .gold = 10,
> .health = 100,
> .experience = 20,
> };
--- exercises/038_structs2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/038_structs2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.012766070 +0200
@@ -42,6 +42,12 @@
//
// Feel free to run this program without adding Zump. What does
// it do and why?
+ chars[1] = Character{
+ .role = Role.bard,
+ .gold = 10,
+ .health = 100,
+ .experience = 20,
+ };
// Printing all RPG characters in a loop:
for (chars, 0..) |c, num| {

15
patches/patches/039_pointers.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
33c33
< num2 = ???;
---
> num2 = num1_pointer.*;
--- exercises/039_pointers.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/039_pointers.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.016099467 +0200
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
// Please make num2 equal 5 using num1_pointer!
// (See the "cheatsheet" above for ideas.)
- num2 = ???;
+ num2 = num1_pointer.*;
std.debug.print("num1: {}, num2: {}\n", .{ num1, num2 });
}

15
patches/patches/040_pointers2.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
26c26
< const b: *u8 = &a; // fix this!
---
> const b: *const u8 = &a; // fix this!
--- exercises/040_pointers2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/040_pointers2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.022766257 +0200
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
pub fn main() void {
const a: u8 = 12;
- const b: *u8 = &a; // fix this!
+ const b: *const u8 = &a; // fix this!
std.debug.print("a: {}, b: {}\n", .{ a, b.* });
}

15
patches/patches/041_pointers3.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
34c34
< ??? p: ??? = undefined;
---
> var p: *u8 = undefined;
--- exercises/041_pointers3.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/041_pointers3.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.026099654 +0200
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
// Please define pointer "p" so that it can point to EITHER foo or
// bar AND change the value it points to!
- ??? p: ??? = undefined;
+ var p: *u8 = undefined;
p = &foo;
p.* += 1;

13
patches/patches/042_pointers4.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
40c40
< ??? = 5; // fix me!
---
> x.* = 5; // fix me!
--- exercises/042_pointers4.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/042_pointers4.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.032766444 +0200
@@ -37,5 +37,5 @@
// This function should take a reference to a u8 value and set it
// to 5.
fn makeFive(x: *u8) void {
- ??? = 5; // fix me!
+ x.* = 5; // fix me!
}

15
patches/patches/043_pointers5.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
71c71
< printCharacter(???);
---
> printCharacter(&glorp);
--- exercises/043_pointers5.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/043_pointers5.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.036099841 +0200
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
// FIX ME!
// Please pass Glorp to printCharacter():
- printCharacter(???);
+ printCharacter(&glorp);
}
// Note how this function's "c" parameter is a pointer to a Character struct.

21
patches/patches/044_quiz5.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,17 @@
21a22
> var elephantB = Elephant{ .letter = 'B' };
27a29
> elephantB.tail = &elephantC;
--- exercises/044_quiz5.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/044_quiz5.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.039433235 +0200
@@ -19,12 +19,14 @@
pub fn main() void {
var elephantA = Elephant{ .letter = 'A' };
// (Please add Elephant B here!)
+ var elephantB = Elephant{ .letter = 'B' };
var elephantC = Elephant{ .letter = 'C' };
// Link the elephants so that each tail "points" to the next elephant.
// They make a circle: A->B->C->A...
elephantA.tail = &elephantB;
// (Please link Elephant B's tail to Elephant C here!)
+ elephantB.tail = &elephantC;
elephantC.tail = &elephantA;
visitElephants(&elephantA);

15
patches/patches/045_optionals.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
32c32
< const answer: u8 = result;
---
> const answer: u8 = result orelse 42;
--- exercises/045_optionals.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/045_optionals.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.046100027 +0200
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
// Please threaten the result so that answer is either the
// integer value from deepThought() OR the number 42:
- const answer: u8 = result;
+ const answer: u8 = result orelse 42;
std.debug.print("The Ultimate Answer: {}.\n", .{answer});
}

28
patches/patches/046_optionals2.patch
View file

@ -1,8 +1,20 @@
24c24
< tail: *Elephant = null, // Hmm... tail needs something...
---
> tail: ?*Elephant = null, // <---- make this optional!
54c54
< if (e.tail == null) ???;
---
> if (e.tail == null) break;
--- exercises/046_optionals2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/046_optionals2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.049433424 +0200
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
const Elephant = struct {
letter: u8,
- tail: *Elephant = null, // Hmm... tail needs something...
+ tail: ?*Elephant = null, // <---- make this optional!
visited: bool = false,
};
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
// We should stop once we encounter a tail that
// does NOT point to another element. What can
// we put here to make that happen?
- if (e.tail == null) ???;
+ if (e.tail == null) break;
e = e.tail.?;
}

15
patches/patches/047_methods.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
91c91
< ???.zap(???);
---
> heat_ray.zap(alien);
--- exercises/047_methods.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/047_methods.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.056100214 +0200
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
for (&aliens) |*alien| {
// *** Zap the alien with the heat ray here! ***
- ???.zap(???);
+ heat_ray.zap(alien);
// If the alien's health is still above 0, it's still alive.
if (alien.health > 0) aliens_alive += 1;

15
patches/patches/048_methods2.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
57c57
< e = if (e.hasTail()) e.??? else break;
---
> e = if (e.hasTail()) e.getTail() else break;
--- exercises/048_methods2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/048_methods2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.059433611 +0200
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
// This gets the next elephant or stops:
// which method do we want here?
- e = if (e.hasTail()) e.??? else break;
+ e = if (e.hasTail()) e.getTail() else break;
}
}

29
patches/patches/049_quiz6.patch
View file

@ -1,11 +1,18 @@
28a29,31
> pub fn getTrunk(self: *Elephant) *Elephant {
> return self.trunk.?;
> }
30,31c33,35
< ???
<
---
> pub fn hasTrunk(self: *Elephant) bool {
> return (self.trunk != null);
> }
--- exercises/049_quiz6.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/049_quiz6.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.062767005 +0200
@@ -26,9 +26,13 @@
// Your Elephant trunk methods go here!
// ---------------------------------------------------
+ pub fn getTrunk(self: *Elephant) *Elephant {
+ return self.trunk.?;
+ }
- ???
-
+ pub fn hasTrunk(self: *Elephant) bool {
+ return (self.trunk != null);
+ }
// ---------------------------------------------------
pub fn visit(self: *Elephant) void {

40
patches/patches/050_no_value.patch
View file

@ -1,14 +1,26 @@
68c68
< var first_line1: *const [16]u8 = ???;
---
> var first_line1: *const [16]u8 = undefined;
71c71
< var first_line2: Err!*const [21]u8 = ???;
---
> var first_line2: Err!*const [21]u8 = Err.Cthulhu;
80,81c80,81
< fn printSecondLine() ??? {
< var second_line2: ?*const [18]u8 = ???;
---
> fn printSecondLine() void {
> var second_line2: ?*const [18]u8 = null;
--- exercises/050_no_value.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/050_no_value.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.069433797 +0200
@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@
const Err = error{Cthulhu};
pub fn main() void {
- var first_line1: *const [16]u8 = ???;
+ var first_line1: *const [16]u8 = undefined;
first_line1 = "That is not dead";
- var first_line2: Err!*const [21]u8 = ???;
+ var first_line2: Err!*const [21]u8 = Err.Cthulhu;
first_line2 = "which can eternal lie";
// Note we need the "{!s}" format for the error union string.
@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@
printSecondLine();
}
-fn printSecondLine() ??? {
- var second_line2: ?*const [18]u8 = ???;
+fn printSecondLine() void {
+ var second_line2: ?*const [18]u8 = null;
second_line2 = "even death may die";
std.debug.print("And with strange aeons {s}.\n", .{second_line2.?});

39
patches/patches/051_values.patch
View file

@ -1,12 +1,27 @@
90c90
< const print = ???;
---
> const print = std.debug.print;
155c155
< levelUp(glorp, reward_xp);
---
> levelUp(&glorp, reward_xp);
161c161
< fn levelUp(character_access: Character, xp: u32) void {
---
> fn levelUp(character_access: *Character, xp: u32) void {
--- exercises/051_values.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/051_values.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.072767194 +0200
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@
// Let's assign the std.debug.print function to a const named
// "print" so that we can use this new name later!
- const print = ???;
+ const print = std.debug.print;
// Now let's look at assigning and pointing to values in Zig.
//
@@ -152,13 +152,13 @@
print("XP before:{}, ", .{glorp.experience});
// Fix 1 of 2 goes here:
- levelUp(glorp, reward_xp);
+ levelUp(&glorp, reward_xp);
print("after:{}.\n", .{glorp.experience});
}
// Fix 2 of 2 goes here:
-fn levelUp(character_access: Character, xp: u32) void {
+fn levelUp(character_access: *Character, xp: u32) void {
character_access.experience += xp;
}

32
patches/patches/052_slices.patch
View file

@ -1,10 +1,22 @@
35,36c35,36
< const hand1: []u8 = cards[???];
< const hand2: []u8 = cards[???];
---
> const hand1: []u8 = cards[0..4];
> const hand2: []u8 = cards[4..];
46c46
< fn printHand(hand: ???) void {
---
> fn printHand(hand: []u8) void {
--- exercises/052_slices.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/052_slices.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.079433985 +0200
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@
var cards = [8]u8{ 'A', '4', 'K', '8', '5', '2', 'Q', 'J' };
// Please put the first 4 cards in hand1 and the rest in hand2.
- const hand1: []u8 = cards[???];
- const hand2: []u8 = cards[???];
+ const hand1: []u8 = cards[0..4];
+ const hand2: []u8 = cards[4..];
std.debug.print("Hand1: ", .{});
printHand(hand1);
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
}
// Please lend this function a hand. A u8 slice hand, that is.
-fn printHand(hand: ???) void {
+fn printHand(hand: []u8) void {
for (hand) |h| {
std.debug.print("{u} ", .{h});
}

49
patches/patches/053_slices2.patch
View file

@ -1,20 +1,29 @@
20,22c20,22
< const base1: []u8 = scrambled[15..23];
< const base2: []u8 = scrambled[6..10];
< const base3: []u8 = scrambled[32..];
---
> const base1: []const u8 = scrambled[15..23];
> const base2: []const u8 = scrambled[6..10];
> const base3: []const u8 = scrambled[32..];
25,27c25,27
< const justice1: []u8 = scrambled[11..14];
< const justice2: []u8 = scrambled[0..5];
< const justice3: []u8 = scrambled[24..31];
---
> const justice1: []const u8 = scrambled[11..14];
> const justice2: []const u8 = scrambled[0..5];
> const justice3: []const u8 = scrambled[24..31];
33c33
< fn printPhrase(part1: []u8, part2: []u8, part3: []u8) void {
---
> fn printPhrase(part1: []const u8, part2: []const u8, part3: []const u8) void {
--- exercises/053_slices2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/053_slices2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.082767381 +0200
@@ -17,19 +17,19 @@
pub fn main() void {
const scrambled = "great base for all your justice are belong to us";
- const base1: []u8 = scrambled[15..23];
- const base2: []u8 = scrambled[6..10];
- const base3: []u8 = scrambled[32..];
+ const base1: []const u8 = scrambled[15..23];
+ const base2: []const u8 = scrambled[6..10];
+ const base3: []const u8 = scrambled[32..];
printPhrase(base1, base2, base3);
- const justice1: []u8 = scrambled[11..14];
- const justice2: []u8 = scrambled[0..5];
- const justice3: []u8 = scrambled[24..31];
+ const justice1: []const u8 = scrambled[11..14];
+ const justice2: []const u8 = scrambled[0..5];
+ const justice3: []const u8 = scrambled[24..31];
printPhrase(justice1, justice2, justice3);
std.debug.print("\n", .{});
}
-fn printPhrase(part1: []u8, part2: []u8, part3: []u8) void {
+fn printPhrase(part1: []const u8, part2: []const u8, part3: []const u8) void {
std.debug.print("'{s} {s} {s}.' ", .{ part1, part2, part3 });
}

15
patches/patches/054_manypointers.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
35c35
< const zen12_string: []const u8 = zen_manyptr;
---
> const zen12_string: []const u8 = zen_manyptr[0..21];
--- exercises/054_manypointers.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/054_manypointers.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.086100775 +0200
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
// we can CONVERT IT TO A SLICE. (Hint: we do know the length!)
//
// Please fix this line so the print statement below can print it:
- const zen12_string: []const u8 = zen_manyptr;
+ const zen12_string: []const u8 = zen_manyptr[0..21];
// Here's the moment of truth!
std.debug.print("{s}\n", .{zen12_string});

19
patches/patches/055_unions.patch
View file

@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
62,63c62,63
< printInsect(ant, AntOrBee.c);
< printInsect(bee, AntOrBee.c);
---
> printInsect(ant, AntOrBee.a);
> printInsect(bee, AntOrBee.b);
--- exercises/055_unions.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/055_unions.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.092767568 +0200
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@
std.debug.print("Insect report! ", .{});
// Oops! We've made a mistake here.
- printInsect(ant, AntOrBee.c);
- printInsect(bee, AntOrBee.c);
+ printInsect(ant, AntOrBee.a);
+ printInsect(bee, AntOrBee.b);
std.debug.print("\n", .{});
}

30
patches/patches/056_unions2.patch
View file

@ -1,10 +1,20 @@
47,48c47,48
< printInsect(???);
< printInsect(???);
---
> printInsect(ant);
> printInsect(bee);
54c54
< switch (???) {
---
> switch (insect) {
--- exercises/056_unions2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/056_unions2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.096100965 +0200
@@ -44,14 +44,14 @@
std.debug.print("Insect report! ", .{});
// Could it really be as simple as just passing the union?
- printInsect(???);
- printInsect(???);
+ printInsect(ant);
+ printInsect(bee);
std.debug.print("\n", .{});
}
fn printInsect(insect: Insect) void {
- switch (???) {
+ switch (insect) {
.still_alive => |a| std.debug.print("Ant alive is: {}. ", .{a}),
.flowers_visited => |f| std.debug.print("Bee visited {} flowers. ", .{f}),
}

15
patches/patches/057_unions3.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
18c18
< const Insect = union(InsectStat) {
---
> const Insect = union(enum) {
--- exercises/057_unions3.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.122241138 +0200
+++ answers/057_unions3.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.099434359 +0200
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
//
const std = @import("std");
-const Insect = union(InsectStat) {
+const Insect = union(enum) {
flowers_visited: u16,
still_alive: bool,
};

45
patches/patches/058_quiz7.patch
View file

@ -1,14 +1,31 @@
195,196c195,196
< .place => print("{s}", .{p.name}),
< .path => print("--{}->", .{p.dist}),
---
> .place => |p| print("{s}", .{p.name}),
> .path => |p| print("--{}->", .{p.dist}),
258c258
< if (place == entry.*.?.place) return entry;
---
> if (place == entry.*.?.place) return &entry.*.?;
312c312
< fn getTripTo(self: *HermitsNotebook, trip: []?TripItem, dest: *Place) void {
---
> fn getTripTo(self: *HermitsNotebook, trip: []?TripItem, dest: *Place) TripError!void {
--- exercises/058_quiz7.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/058_quiz7.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.106101152 +0200
@@ -192,8 +192,8 @@
// Oops! The hermit forgot how to capture the union values
// in a switch statement. Please capture both values as
// 'p' so the print statements work!
- .place => print("{s}", .{p.name}),
- .path => print("--{}->", .{p.dist}),
+ .place => |p| print("{s}", .{p.name}),
+ .path => |p| print("--{}->", .{p.dist}),
}
}
};
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@
// dereference and optional value "unwrapping" look
// together. Remember that you return the address with the
// "&" operator.
- if (place == entry.*.?.place) return entry;
+ if (place == entry.*.?.place) return &entry.*.?;
// Try to make your answer this long:__________;
}
return null;
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@
//
// Looks like the hermit forgot something in the return value of
// this function. What could that be?
- fn getTripTo(self: *HermitsNotebook, trip: []?TripItem, dest: *Place) void {
+ fn getTripTo(self: *HermitsNotebook, trip: []?TripItem, dest: *Place) TripError!void {
// We start at the destination entry.
const destination_entry = self.getEntry(dest);

23
patches/patches/059_integers.patch
View file

@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
23,25c23,25
< 0o131, // octal
< 0b1101000, // binary
< 0x66, // hex
---
> 0o132, // octal
> 0b1101001, // binary
> 0x67, // hex
--- exercises/059_integers.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/059_integers.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.109434546 +0200
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@
pub fn main() void {
const zig = [_]u8{
- 0o131, // octal
- 0b1101000, // binary
- 0x66, // hex
+ 0o132, // octal
+ 0b1101001, // binary
+ 0x67, // hex
};
print("{s} is cool.\n", .{zig});

15
patches/patches/060_floats.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
46c46
< const shuttle_weight: f16 = 907.18 * 2200;
---
> const shuttle_weight: f32 = 907.18 * 2200.0;
--- exercises/060_floats.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/060_floats.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.112767942 +0200
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
//
// We'll convert this weight from tons to kilograms at a
// conversion of 907.18kg to the ton.
- const shuttle_weight: f16 = 907.18 * 2200;
+ const shuttle_weight: f32 = 907.18 * 2200.0;
// By default, float values are formatted in scientific
// notation. Try experimenting with '{d}' and '{d:.3}' to see

15
patches/patches/061_coercions.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
70c70
< const my_letter: ??? = &letter;
---
> const my_letter: ?*[1]u8 = &letter;
--- exercises/061_coercions.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/061_coercions.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.119434735 +0200
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
pub fn main() void {
var letter: u8 = 'A';
- const my_letter: ??? = &letter;
+ const my_letter: ?*[1]u8 = &letter;
// ^^^^^^^
// Your type here.
// Must coerce from &letter (which is a *u8).

15
patches/patches/062_loop_expressions.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
50c50
< };
---
> } else null;
--- exercises/062_loop_expressions.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/062_loop_expressions.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.122768129 +0200
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
// return it from the for loop.
const current_lang: ?[]const u8 = for (langs) |lang| {
if (lang.len == 3) break lang;
- };
+ } else null;
if (current_lang) |cl| {
print("Current language: {s}\n", .{cl});

19
patches/patches/063_labels.patch
View file

@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
131,132c131,132
< break;
< };
---
> break food;
> } else menu[0];
--- exercises/063_labels.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/063_labels.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.126101525 +0200
@@ -128,8 +128,8 @@
// wanted for this Food.
//
// Please return this Food from the loop.
- break;
- };
+ break food;
+ } else menu[0];
// ^ Oops! We forgot to return Mac & Cheese as the default
// Food when the requested ingredients aren't found.

27
patches/patches/064_builtins.patch
View file

@ -1,8 +1,19 @@
66c66
< const expected_result: u8 = ???;
---
> const expected_result: u8 = 0b00010010;
81c81
< const tupni: u8 = @bitReverse(input, tupni);
---
> const tupni: u8 = @bitReverse(input);
--- exercises/064_builtins.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/064_builtins.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.132768316 +0200
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@
//
// If there was no overflow at all while adding 5 to a, what value would
// 'my_result' hold? Write the answer in into 'expected_result'.
- const expected_result: u8 = ???;
+ const expected_result: u8 = 0b00010010;
print(". Without overflow: {b:0>8}. ", .{expected_result});
print("Furthermore, ", .{});
@@ -78,6 +78,6 @@
// Now it's your turn. See if you can fix this attempt to use
// this builtin to reverse the bits of a u8 integer.
const input: u8 = 0b11110000;
- const tupni: u8 = @bitReverse(input, tupni);
+ const tupni: u8 = @bitReverse(input);
print("{b:0>8} backwards is {b:0>8}.\n", .{ input, tupni });
}

59
patches/patches/065_builtins2.patch
View file

@ -1,20 +1,39 @@
61c61
< narcissus.??? = ???;
---
> narcissus.myself = &narcissus;
73c73
< const Type2 = narcissus.fetchTheMostBeautifulType();
---
> const Type2 = Narcissus.fetchTheMostBeautifulType();
112c112
< if (fields[0].??? != void) {
---
> if (fields[0].type != void) {
116c116
< if (fields[1].??? != void) {
---
> if (fields[1].type != void) {
120c120
< if (fields[2].??? != void) {
---
> if (fields[2].type != void) {
--- exercises/065_builtins2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/065_builtins2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.136101712 +0200
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
// Oops! We cannot leave the 'me' and 'myself' fields
// undefined. Please set them here:
narcissus.me = &narcissus;
- narcissus.??? = ???;
+ narcissus.myself = &narcissus;
// This determines a "peer type" from three separate
// references (they just happen to all be the same object).
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
//
// The fix for this is very subtle, but it makes a big
// difference!
- const Type2 = narcissus.fetchTheMostBeautifulType();
+ const Type2 = Narcissus.fetchTheMostBeautifulType();
// Now we print a pithy statement about Narcissus.
print("A {s} loves all {s}es. ", .{
@@ -109,15 +109,15 @@
// Please complete these 'if' statements so that the field
// name will not be printed if the field is of type 'void'
// (which is a zero-bit type that takes up no space at all!):
- if (fields[0].??? != void) {
+ if (fields[0].type != void) {
print(" {s}", .{@typeInfo(Narcissus).Struct.fields[0].name});
}
- if (fields[1].??? != void) {
+ if (fields[1].type != void) {
print(" {s}", .{@typeInfo(Narcissus).Struct.fields[1].name});
}
- if (fields[2].??? != void) {
+ if (fields[2].type != void) {
print(" {s}", .{@typeInfo(Narcissus).Struct.fields[2].name});
}

19
patches/patches/066_comptime.patch
View file

@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
65,66c65,66
< var var_int = 12345;
< var var_float = 987.654;
---
> var var_int: u32 = 12345;
> var var_float: f32 = 987.654;
--- exercises/066_comptime.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/066_comptime.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.139435109 +0200
@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@
// types with specific sizes. The comptime numbers will be
// coerced (if they'll fit!) into your chosen runtime types.
// For this it is necessary to specify a size, e.g. 32 bit.
- var var_int = 12345;
- var var_float = 987.654;
+ var var_int: u32 = 12345;
+ var var_float: f32 = 987.654;
// We can change what is stored at the areas set aside for
// "var_int" and "var_float" in the running compiled program.

15
patches/patches/067_comptime2.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
38c38
< var count = 0;
---
> comptime var count = 0;
--- exercises/067_comptime2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/067_comptime2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.146101899 +0200
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
// In this contrived example, we've decided to allocate some
// arrays using a variable count! But something's missing...
//
- var count = 0;
+ comptime var count = 0;
count += 1;
var a1: [count]u8 = .{'A'} ** count;

28
patches/patches/068_comptime3.patch
View file

@ -1,8 +1,20 @@
46c46
< if (my_scale == 0) @compileError("Scale 1:0 is not valid!");
---
> if (my_scale == 0) my_scale = 1; //@compileError("Scale 1:0 is not valid!");
72c72
< var scale: u32 = undefined;
---
> comptime var scale: u32 = undefined;
--- exercises/068_comptime3.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/068_comptime3.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.149435295 +0200
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
//
// Please change this so that it sets a 0 scale to 1
// instead.
- if (my_scale == 0) @compileError("Scale 1:0 is not valid!");
+ if (my_scale == 0) my_scale = 1; //@compileError("Scale 1:0 is not valid!");
self.scale = my_scale;
self.hull_length /= my_scale;
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
// Hey, we can't just pass this runtime variable as an
// argument to the scaleMe() method. What would let us do
// that?
- var scale: u32 = undefined;
+ comptime var scale: u32 = undefined;
scale = 32; // 1:32 scale

19
patches/patches/069_comptime4.patch
View file

@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
45,46c45,46
< fn makeSequence(comptime T: type, ??? size: usize) [???]T {
< var sequence: [???]T = undefined;
---
> fn makeSequence(comptime T: type, comptime size: usize) [size]T {
> var sequence: [size]T = undefined;
--- exercises/069_comptime4.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/069_comptime4.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.152768692 +0200
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@
// 2) Sets the size of the array of type T (which is the
// sequence we're creating and returning).
//
-fn makeSequence(comptime T: type, ??? size: usize) [???]T {
- var sequence: [???]T = undefined;
+fn makeSequence(comptime T: type, comptime size: usize) [size]T {
+ var sequence: [size]T = undefined;
var i: usize = 0;
while (i < size) : (i += 1) {

19
patches/patches/070_comptime5.patch
View file

@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
126,127c126,127
< const walks_like_duck = ???;
< const quacks_like_duck = ???;
---
> const walks_like_duck = @hasDecl(MyType, "waddle");
> const quacks_like_duck = @hasDecl(MyType, "quack");
--- exercises/070_comptime5.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/070_comptime5.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.159435482 +0200
@@ -123,8 +123,8 @@
// Please make sure MyType has both waddle() and quack()
// methods:
const MyType = @TypeOf(possible_duck);
- const walks_like_duck = ???;
- const quacks_like_duck = ???;
+ const walks_like_duck = @hasDecl(MyType, "waddle");
+ const quacks_like_duck = @hasDecl(MyType, "quack");
const is_duck = walks_like_duck and quacks_like_duck;

15
patches/patches/071_comptime6.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
43c43
< ??? {
---
> inline for (fields) |field| {
--- exercises/071_comptime6.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/071_comptime6.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.162768879 +0200
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
const fields = @typeInfo(Narcissus).Struct.fields;
- ??? {
+ inline for (fields) |field| {
if (field.type != void) {
print(" {s}", .{field.name});
}

15
patches/patches/072_comptime7.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
38c38
< ??? (i < instructions.len) : (???) {
---
> inline while (i < instructions.len) : (i += 3) {
--- exercises/072_comptime7.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/072_comptime7.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.169435669 +0200
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
// at compile time.
//
// Please fix this to loop once per "instruction":
- ??? (i < instructions.len) : (???) {
+ inline while (i < instructions.len) : (i += 3) {
// This gets the digit from the "instruction". Can you
// figure out why we subtract '0' from it?

25
patches/patches/073_comptime8.patch
View file

@ -1,8 +1,17 @@
35c35
< const my_llama = getLlama(5);
---
> const my_llama = getLlama(4);
40c40
< fn getLlama(i: usize) u32 {
---
> fn getLlama(comptime i: usize) u32 {
--- exercises/073_comptime8.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/073_comptime8.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.172769065 +0200
@@ -32,12 +32,12 @@
pub fn main() void {
// We meant to fetch the last llama. Please fix this simple
// mistake so the assertion no longer fails.
- const my_llama = getLlama(5);
+ const my_llama = getLlama(4);
print("My llama value is {}.\n", .{my_llama});
}
-fn getLlama(i: usize) u32 {
+fn getLlama(comptime i: usize) u32 {
// We've put a guard assert() at the top of this function to
// prevent mistakes. The 'comptime' keyword here means that
// the mistake will be caught when we compile!

15
patches/patches/074_comptime9.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
42c42
< fn makeLlamas(count: usize) [count]u8 {
---
> fn makeLlamas(comptime count: usize) [count]u8 {
--- exercises/074_comptime9.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/074_comptime9.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.176102462 +0200
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
// And here's the function. Note that the return value type
// depends on one of the input arguments!
-fn makeLlamas(count: usize) [count]u8 {
+fn makeLlamas(comptime count: usize) [count]u8 {
var temp: [count]u8 = undefined;
var i = 0;

23
patches/patches/075_quiz8.patch
View file

@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
52c52,56
<
---
> return Path{
> .from = from,
> .to = to,
> .dist = dist,
> };
--- exercises/075_quiz8.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/075_quiz8.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.182769252 +0200
@@ -49,7 +49,11 @@
//
// Please fill in the body of this function!
fn makePath(from: *Place, to: *Place, dist: u8) Path {
-
+ return Path{
+ .from = from,
+ .to = to,
+ .dist = dist,
+ };
}
// Using our new function, these path definitions take up considerably less

28
patches/patches/076_sentinels.patch
View file

@ -1,8 +1,20 @@
85c85
< for (???) |s| {
---
> for (my_seq) |s| {
97c97
< while (??? != my_sentinel) {
---
> while (my_seq[i] != my_sentinel) {
--- exercises/076_sentinels.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/076_sentinels.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.186102649 +0200
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
print("Array:", .{});
// Loop through the items in my_seq.
- for (???) |s| {
+ for (my_seq) |s| {
print("{}", .{s});
}
},
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
// Loop through the items in my_seq until we hit the
// sentinel value.
var i: usize = 0;
- while (??? != my_sentinel) {
+ while (my_seq[i] != my_sentinel) {
print("{}", .{my_seq[i]});
i += 1;
}

15
patches/patches/077_sentinels2.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
63c63
< const printable = ???;
---
> const printable = foo.data[0..foo.length];
--- exercises/077_sentinels2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/077_sentinels2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.189436043 +0200
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
// length... You've actually solved this problem before!
//
// Here's a big hint: do you remember how to take a slice?
- const printable = ???;
+ const printable = foo.data[0..foo.length];
print("{s}\n", .{printable});
}

15
patches/patches/078_sentinels3.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
24c24
< const printable: [*:0]const u8 = ???;
---
> const printable: [*:0]const u8 = @ptrCast(data);
--- exercises/078_sentinels3.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/078_sentinels3.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.196102836 +0200
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
const data: [*]const u8 = "Weird Data!";
// Please cast 'data' to 'printable':
- const printable: [*:0]const u8 = ???;
+ const printable: [*:0]const u8 = @ptrCast(data);
print("{s}\n", .{printable});
}

30
patches/patches/079_quoted_identifiers.patch
View file

@ -1,12 +1,18 @@
23,24c23,24
< const 55_cows: i32 = 55;
< const isn't true: bool = false;
---
> const @"55_cows": i32 = 55;
> const @"isn't true": bool = false;
27,28c27,28
< 55_cows,
< isn't true,
---
> @"55_cows",
> @"isn't true",
--- exercises/079_quoted_identifiers.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/079_quoted_identifiers.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.199436232 +0200
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@
const print = @import("std").debug.print;
pub fn main() void {
- const 55_cows: i32 = 55;
- const isn't true: bool = false;
+ const @"55_cows": i32 = 55;
+ const @"isn't true": bool = false;
print("Sweet freedom: {}, {}.\n", .{
- 55_cows,
- isn't true,
+ @"55_cows",
+ @"isn't true",
});
}

26
patches/patches/080_anonymous_structs.patch
View file

@ -1,8 +1,18 @@
51c51
< var circle1 = ??? {
---
> var circle1 = Circle(i32){
57c57
< var circle2 = ??? {
---
> var circle2 = Circle(f32){
--- exercises/080_anonymous_structs.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/080_anonymous_structs.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.202769626 +0200
@@ -48,13 +48,13 @@
// * circle1 should hold i32 integers
// * circle2 should hold f32 floats
//
- var circle1 = ??? {
+ var circle1 = Circle(i32){
.center_x = 25,
.center_y = 70,
.radius = 15,
};
- var circle2 = ??? {
+ var circle2 = Circle(f32){
.center_x = 25.234,
.center_y = 70.999,
.radius = 15.714,

15
patches/patches/081_anonymous_structs2.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
41c41
< fn printCircle(???) void {
---
> fn printCircle(circle: anytype) void {
--- exercises/081_anonymous_structs2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/081_anonymous_structs2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.209436419 +0200
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
// Please complete this function which prints an anonymous struct
// representing a circle.
-fn printCircle(???) void {
+fn printCircle(circle: anytype) void {
print("x:{} y:{} radius:{}\n", .{
circle.center_x,
circle.center_y,

48
patches/patches/082_anonymous_structs3.patch
View file

@ -1,16 +1,32 @@
85c85
< const fields = ???;
---
> const fields = @typeInfo(@TypeOf(tuple)).Struct.fields;
92c92
< for (fields) |field| {
---
> inline for (fields) |field| {
120,122c120,122
< field.???,
< field.???,
< ???,
---
> field.name,
> field.type,
> @field(tuple, field.name),
--- exercises/082_anonymous_structs3.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/082_anonymous_structs3.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.212769813 +0200
@@ -82,14 +82,14 @@
// @typeInfo(Circle).Struct.fields
//
// This will be an array of StructFields.
- const fields = ???;
+ const fields = @typeInfo(@TypeOf(tuple)).Struct.fields;
// 2. Loop through each field. This must be done at compile
// time.
//
// Hint: remember 'inline' loops?
//
- for (fields) |field| {
+ inline for (fields) |field| {
// 3. Print the field's name, type, and value.
//
// Each 'field' in this loop is one of these:
@@ -117,9 +117,9 @@
//
// The first field should print as: "0"(bool):true
print("\"{s}\"({any}):{any} ", .{
- field.???,
- field.???,
- ???,
+ field.name,
+ field.type,
+ @field(tuple, field.name),
});
}
}

14
patches/patches/083_anonymous_lists.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
23c23
< const hello = .{ 'h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o' };
---
> const hello: [5]u8 = .{ 'h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o' };
--- exercises/083_anonymous_lists.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/083_anonymous_lists.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.216103210 +0200
@@ -20,6 +20,6 @@
//
// = .{ 'h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o' };
//
- const hello = .{ 'h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o' };
+ const hello: [5]u8 = .{ 'h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o' };
print("I say {s}!\n", .{hello});
}

15
patches/patches/084_async.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
51c51
< foo();
---
> _ = async foo();
--- exercises/084_async.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/084_async.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.219436606 +0200
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
pub fn main() void {
// Additional Hint: you can assign things to '_' when you
// don't intend to do anything with them.
- foo();
+ _ = async foo();
}
fn foo() void {

12
patches/patches/085_async2.patch
View file

@ -1,2 +1,10 @@
21a22
> resume foo_frame;
--- exercises/085_async2.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/085_async2.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.226103397 +0200
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
pub fn main() void {
var foo_frame = async foo();
+ resume foo_frame;
}
fn foo() void {

25
patches/patches/086_async3.patch
View file

@ -1,9 +1,16 @@
16c16,21
< ???
---
> // Silly solution. You can also use a loop.
> resume foo_frame;
> resume foo_frame;
> resume foo_frame;
> resume foo_frame;
> resume foo_frame;
--- exercises/086_async3.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/086_async3.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.229436793 +0200
@@ -13,7 +13,12 @@
const n = 5;
var foo_frame = async foo(n);
- ???
+ // Silly solution. You can also use a loop.
+ resume foo_frame;
+ resume foo_frame;
+ resume foo_frame;
+ resume foo_frame;
+ resume foo_frame;
print("\n", .{});
}

31
patches/patches/087_async4.patch
View file

@ -1,10 +1,21 @@
19c19
< ???
---
> resume foo_frame;
27,28c27,28
< ???
< ???
---
> global_counter += 1;
> suspend {}
--- exercises/087_async4.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/087_async4.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.236103584 +0200
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
while (global_counter <= 5) {
print("{} ", .{global_counter});
- ???
+ resume foo_frame;
}
print("\n", .{});
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
fn foo() void {
while (true) {
- ???
- ???
+ global_counter += 1;
+ suspend {}
}
}

15
patches/patches/088_async5.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
39c39
< var value = ???
---
> var value = await myframe;
--- exercises/088_async5.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/088_async5.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.239436980 +0200
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
pub fn main() void {
var myframe = async getPageTitle("http://example.com");
- var value = ???
+ var value = await myframe;
print("{s}\n", .{value});
}

19
patches/patches/089_async6.patch
View file

@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
44,45c44,45
< var com_title = com_frame;
< var org_title = org_frame;
---
> var com_title = await com_frame;
> var org_title = await org_frame;
--- exercises/089_async6.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/089_async6.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.242770376 +0200
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@
var com_frame = async getPageTitle("http://example.com");
var org_frame = async getPageTitle("http://example.org");
- var com_title = com_frame;
- var org_title = org_frame;
+ var com_title = await com_frame;
+ var org_title = await org_frame;
print(".com: {s}, .org: {s}.\n", .{ com_title, org_title });
}

15
patches/patches/090_async7.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
32c32
< var my_beef = getBeef(0);
---
> var my_beef = nosuspend getBeef(0);
--- exercises/090_async7.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/090_async7.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.249437167 +0200
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
// The main() function can not be async. But we know
// getBeef() will not suspend with this particular
// invocation. Please make this okay:
- var my_beef = getBeef(0);
+ var my_beef = nosuspend getBeef(0);
print("beef? {X}!\n", .{my_beef});
}

42
patches/patches/091_async8.patch
View file

@ -1,16 +1,26 @@
20c20
< print("X", .{});
---
> print("D", .{});
28c28
< print("X", .{});
---
> print("B", .{});
31c31
< print("X", .{});
---
> print("C", .{});
34c34
< print("X", .{});
---
> print("E", .{});
--- exercises/091_async8.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/091_async8.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.252770563 +0200
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
var frame = async suspendable();
- print("X", .{});
+ print("D", .{});
resume frame;
@@ -25,11 +25,11 @@
}
fn suspendable() void {
- print("X", .{});
+ print("B", .{});
suspend {
- print("X", .{});
+ print("C", .{});
}
- print("X", .{});
+ print("E", .{});
}

15
patches/patches/092_interfaces.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
109c109
< ???
---
> insect.print();
--- exercises/092_interfaces.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/092_interfaces.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.259437354 +0200
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
for (my_insects) |insect| {
// Almost done! We want to print() each insect with a
// single method call here.
- ???
+ insect.print();
}
}

15
patches/patches/093_hello_c.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
57c57
< const c_res = write(2, "Hello C from Zig!", 17);
---
> const c_res = c.write(2, "Hello C from Zig!", 17);
--- exercises/093_hello_c.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/093_hello_c.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.262770750 +0200
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
//
// In this exercise we use 'write' to output 17 chars,
// but something is still missing...
- const c_res = write(2, "Hello C from Zig!", 17);
+ const c_res = c.write(2, "Hello C from Zig!", 17);
// let's see what the result from C is:
std.debug.print(" - C result is {d} chars written.\n", .{c_res});

15
patches/patches/094_c_math.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
22c22
< ???
---
> @cInclude("math.h");
--- exercises/094_c_math.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/094_c_math.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.266104147 +0200
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
const c = @cImport({
// What do wee need here?
- ???
+ @cInclude("math.h");
});
pub fn main() !void {

15
patches/patches/095_for3.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
57c57
< for (???) |n| {
---
> for (1..21) |n| {
--- exercises/095_for3.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/095_for3.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.272770937 +0200
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
// I want to print every number between 1 and 20 that is NOT
// divisible by 3 or 5.
- for (???) |n| {
+ for (1..21) |n| {
// The '%' symbol is the "modulo" operator and it
// returns the remainder after division.

15
patches/patches/096_memory_allocation.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
67c67
< var avg: []f64 = ???;
---
> var avg: []f64 = try allocator.alloc(f64, arr.len);
--- exercises/096_memory_allocation.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/096_memory_allocation.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.276104333 +0200
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
const allocator = arena.allocator();
// allocate memory for this array
- var avg: []f64 = ???;
+ var avg: []f64 = try allocator.alloc(f64, arr.len);
runningAverage(arr, avg);
std.debug.print("Running Average: ", .{});

15
patches/patches/097_bit_manipulation.patch
View file

@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
83c83
< ???;
---
> x ^= y;
--- exercises/097_bit_manipulation.zig 2023-10-03 22:15:22.125574535 +0200
+++ answers/097_bit_manipulation.zig 2023-10-05 20:04:07.282771124 +0200
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
y ^= x;
// What must be written here?
- ???;
+ x ^= y;
print("x = {d}; y = {d}\n", .{ x, y });
}

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